Churn



(No Model.) I I 2 Shets-Sheet 1.

w. o; BURGE.

CHURN.

No. 564,270. Patented July 21 1896;

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

\VILLIAM CARTER BURGE, OF BATEMAN, VIRGINIA.

CHURN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 564,270, dated July 21,1896.

Application filed April 22, 1895.

T0 aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM CARTER BURGE, a citizen of theUnited States,residing at Bateman, in the county of Patrick and State of Virginia,have invented a new and useful Churn, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to an improvement in that class of churns inwhich the dasher is reciprocated by means of a centrally-pivoted leveror walking-beam, crank-shaft, pitman, &c., and the object in view is toprovide asimple and efficient mechanism for operating the dash-rod ofthe churn and to combine therewith novel means by which the length ofstroke of the dash may be regulated-to suit the amount of cream in thechurn vessel.

Another object is to provide a detachable and self-clampin g fly-brushadapted to be applied to and receive its motion from the reciprocatingdash-rod.

To accomplish the objects above enumerated, the invention consists incertain features, novel combinations, and details of construction andarrangement of parts, as hereinafter fully described, illustrated in thedrawings, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a churnand its operating mechanism constructed in accordance with myimprovements. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section taken near oneside of the apparatus. Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section throughthe machine. Fig. 4 is a detail perspective view of the hingedcasterframe, showing also a portion of the stationary frame and themeans for adjusting and holding said caster-frame. Fig. 5 is a detailperspective view of the adjustable fulcrumpin for the walking-beam,showing also a portion of the latter and the manner in which the same isperforated. Fig. 6 is a plan view of the removable churn top or cover.Fig. 7 is a vertical sectional view, taken through one wall of thechurn-body, illustrating the manner in which the thermometer is appliedthereto, and protected from injury.

Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in theseveral figures of the drawings.

Referring to the drawings, 1 1 indicate the longitudinal bars, and 2 2the transverse con- Serial No. 546,751. (No model.)

necting-bars, of an open rectangular base frame.

3 3 indicate corner posts or standards extending upwardly from saidbase-frame and secured thereto in any usual or preferred manner. Similarposts or standards 4 4, arranged in parallel relation to each other andlocated intermediate the corners of the baseframe at one end thereof,are spaced a sufficient distance apart to receive between them asuitable fiy-wheel, from which motion is imparted to the walking-beamthrough an interposed pitman, as will hereinafter appear.

The various posts or standards 3 and 4 are properly braced andstrengthened by means of inclined braces 5, extending therefromdownwardly to and connected with the baseframe.

The corner-posts 3 at the front end of the churning apparatus areconnected by horizontal cross-bars 6 and 7 and strengthened by means ofinclined braces 8. An oppositely-disposed pair of horizontal bars 9 eX-tend longitudinally of the machine between and are connected to theupper crossbar 7 at one end and the parallel posts or standards 4 attheir opposite ends, said bars 9 being spaced a sufficient distanceapart to receive between them the walking-beam 10. The horizontalsupporting-bars 9, between which the walking-beam is mounted, areprovided with a series of horizontally-alined perforations 11, saidperforations being in the form of keyhole-slots in one of said bars andsimply round in the other oppositely-disposed bar. The walking-beam isalso provided with a series of keyhole-perforations 12 and is pivotallymounted on a fulcrum-pin 13, provided with spacing-lugs 14, adapted tolie upon either side of .the walking-beam and between said Walking-beamand the parallel supporting-bars 9. Byturning these spacinglugs 14upward it will be apparent that the walking-beam will be confinedbetween said lugs and prevented from moving from side to side or comingin contact with the supporting-bars 9. When it is desired to remove thefulcrum-pin 13, it is given a quarter-turn to the right, when owing tothe shape of the perforations 11 in the bar 9, through which said pinis-inserted, and also the shape of the perforations in the walking-beam,the pin may be easily removed and inserted in another hole in the sidebar 9 and also in the walking-beam whereby the fulcrum-point of saidwalking-beam is changed, and its height also adjusted. In order toprevent the fulcrum-pin 13 from turning when in operative position, awire frame 15 is pivoted to the outer face of the bar 9, through whichthe pin is inserted, said frame being bent to form several open loops16, which are adapted to stride and engage a lip or shoulder 17 on thefulcrumpin, as shown in the drawings. The wire frame 15 thus constitutesa pivoted catch or locking device for holding the fulcrum-pin againstrotation and displacement.

At the rear end of the machine the walking-beam 10 is connected with afly-wheel 18 by means of an interposed. connecting rod or pitmau 19,said fly-wheel being mounted on one end of a short transverse shaft 20,mounted in hearings in two of the vertical posts or standards 3 and 4,above referred to. Intermediate said standards 3 and 4 the shaft 20 isprovided with a ban d-pulley 21, from which a band or belt 22 extendsupwardly to and around a larger band-pulley 23, mounted upon a shorttransverse shaft 24, having its bearing in the posts or standards 3 and4, and extending outwardly beyond the cornerpost 3, Where it is providedwith a crank-handle 25, as shown. By means of this construction an even,smooth, and rapid motion is imparted to the walkingbeam 10. The band orbelt 22 may be tightened by means of a curved or elbow lever 26,pivoted, as shown, at 27 to the corner-post 3 or other convenient point,and carrying at one end an idle pulley or roller 28. At its opposite endsaid leveris provided with a series of notches 29, any one of which maybe engaged by a pivoted pawl or dog 30, preferably secured to one of theinclined braces 5, as shown. By adjusting the pawl 30 to the desirednotch in the lever 26, the belt 22 may be tightened in a manner thatwill be readily understood.

The forward end of the walking-beam 1.0 is connected with the dasher-rod31 by means of a curved link 32, pivoted to said walkingbeam at one end,the opposite end of said link being perforated and adapted to enter aslot 32 in the dasher-rod, where it is engaged by a spring-arm 33,attached to the dasher-rod at one end and hooked, as indicated at 34, atits free end, said hook entering a perforation 35 in the dasher-rod andengaging the perforation in the lower end of said link. By this meansthe dasher-rod 31 may be disconnected from the walking-beam whendesired. The dasherrod 31 reciprocates vertically in grooves in thefront faces of the cross-bars 6 and 7 and is held in place by means ofstationary blocks 36, grooved at their inner ends adjacent to thedasher-rod, so as to partially embrace said rod,and also notched or cutaway to form horizontal shoulders 36. Hinged buttons 37, mounted onhorizontal pivots, are arranged on the opposite side of the dasher-rodand secured to the front faces of the crossbars 6 and 7, said buttonsbeing also grooved at their inner ends adjacent to the dasherrod andalso provided with overlapping lips 38, partially embracing thedasher-rod and notched or cut away to form horizontal shoulders 39,which cooperate with the shoulders 36 for holding the pivoted buttons intheir proper position. After having disconnected the dasher-rod from thewalking-beam by lifting the inner ends of the pivoted buttons 37 thedasher-rod, together with the churn-body, may be removed from the frameof the machine. The dasher-rod may be provided at its lower end with adasher of any preferred form or construction.

The top or cover of the churnbody is made in two sections, which arehinged together, as indicatedat 40, whereby one section of the cover maybe lifted for the purpose of observing the condition of the milk in thechurnbody when desired. To prevent the lifting of either of the sectionswhile the churn is in operation, a pivoted button 42 is secured to oneof said sections and extends over and bears upon the other section,thereby making it impossible to lift either section without lifting theother. The top of the churn-body is held in place by means of a pivotedcam-block 43, preferably pivoted to the inner face of the cross-bar (5and bearing at its lower curved end against the upper face of the churntop or cover. An operating rod or arm 44, rigidly connected with saidcam-block 43, extends laterally therefrom and is adapted to be engagednear its outer end by a stop or lug 45, attached to the corner-post 3.When the arm or lever 44 is engaged by the stop 45, the camblock 43bears firmly upon the top or cover of the churn and preventsaccidentaldisplacement of the latter. When it is desired to remove the top orcover of the churn, the arm or lever 44 is disengaged from the stop 45and allowed to fall, thereby throwing the camblock out of engagementwith said top or cover.

The body of the churn 46 is provided in its outer face with avertically-extending socket or recess 47, and in its inner wall with asmall socket or recess 48, in vertical line with and underlying thesocket 47. A thermometer 49 is disposed in said sockets in such mannerthat the graduated plate will occupy the socket 47 and the bulb whichcontains the mercury will lie in the socket 48. The Vertical tubethrough which the mercury rises passes through a small verticalperforation between the sockets 47 and 48, and a tightjoint is madetherein by disposing a piece of rubber tubing or similar packingmaterial around the thermometer-tube and within said verticalperforation, as shown at 50. The inner socket or recess 48 is covered bya button 51, when it is desired to scald the churn, to prevent the hotwater from coming in contact with the bulb of the thermometer, and theouter socket 47 may be covered by means of a button 52 for protectingthe-thermometer from injury when not in use. By mounting a thermometerin the body of a churn, as above described, the temperature of the milkwill be indicated at all times, and the milk or cream will be preventedfrom leaking by means of the rubber packing 50. It will be apparent thatcork or cement or other filler may be used in place of the rubberpacking described. The body of the churn may be made from wood or metalor any other preferred material, and it may be observed at thispoint'a-lso that the framework of the machine may be made of wood ormetal or any desired or preferred material, and where made of metal itmay be either wrought or cast.

When the churn is in operation, the baseframe rests upon the ground orfloor; but for the purpose of moving the machine from place to place asupplemental hinged frame 53 is mounted within the open rectangularbase-frame between the longitudinal bars 1 thereof. This frame iscomposed of side and end bars, as shown, and is also slotted in its endbars, as indicated at 54, to receive an oppositely-disposed pair ofrollers or casterwheels 55, mounted on short transverse shafts 56. Theframe 53 is hinged at its front side near the center of the base-frame,and is provided with a rearwardly-extending arm 57, which is adapted tobe engaged with one of several notches 58 at the lower end of one of thevertical posts or standards 4. WVhen the machine is in operation, thearm 57 rests in the upper notch; but when it is desired to move thechurn -frame said arm 57 is depressed until it engages the lower notch58-, when the lower edges of the caster wheels or rollers 55 will beprojected beneath the lower face of the base-frame of the machine,whereupon the whole apparatus may now be trundled from place to place.

By the construction above described a simple, durable, and efiicientmechanism is provided for operating a churn-dasher, and it willbeapparent that by changing the position of the fulcrum-pin in the mannerdescribed the stroke of the dasher may be varied to conform to theamount of milk or cream contained in the body of the churn. By placingthe fulcrum-pin in the hole shown at the right hand in Fig. 1 a longstroke is imparted to the dasher from top to bottom of the churnbody foraccommodating a churn that is well filled. By moving said fulcrum-pin tothe left-hand hole a short stroke is given to the dasher, extending fromabout the center of the body of the churn to the bottom thereof, and bymoving the fulcrum-pin to the center hole a half-len gth stroke is givento the dasher, said stroke extending from about the center of thechurn-body to the top thereof.

The dasher-rod 31 is provided at suitable points with notches 59 for thereception of a fiy-brush, consisting of a piece of spring-wire 60, bentinto open horseshoe form, as shown, which has secured thereto a pendentpiece of textile material, which is fringed at its lower end, asindicated at 61. This device is sprung over the dasher-rod and caused toengage the notches 59, and when said rod reciprocates the fly-brush willbe carried thereby and serve to prevent the collecting of flies aroundthe top or cover of the churn-body. A series of notches 59 in thedasher-rod provide for the vertical adjustment of the fiy-brush on therod for accommodating said brush to the diiferentlengths of strokes ofthe dasher-rod.

When it is desired to remove the churnbody from the machine, thefly-brush is first removed from the dasher-rod, the pivoted buttons 37are then lifted at their inner ends,

after which the cam-block 4:3 is moved out of departing from theprinciple or sacrificing any of the advantages of this invention.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new, and desiredto be secured by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a churn, the frame thereof comprising elevated parallel bars, incombination with a walking-beam mounted between said bars and connectedwith the churn-dasher rod and also provided with a series ofkeyhole-slots at varying heights, an adjustable fulcrum-pin providedwith spacing lugs or wings and adapted to be passed through one ofseveral sets of horizontally-alining keyhole-slots in the parallel barsof the machineframe for adjusting the height and throw of thewalking-beam, anda pivoted locking-arm provided with several crimps orbends arranged at' different intervals and in different planescorresponding and in proximal relation to the keyhole-slots in saidparallel bars and adapted to partially surround and embrace theflattened shank of the fulcrum-pin, substantially as and for the purposedescribed.

2. In a churn, a reciprocating dasher-rod having formed therein a seriesof notches, in combination with a fly-brush comprising a substantiallyopen circular spring-frame of wire deflected inwardly at one point toform a U-shaped clip port-ion adapting the said frame to be sprung overthe dasher-rod and to be engaged with the desired notches therein,substantially as described.

3. In a churn, the combination with the dasher-rod, of a walking-beamfulcrumed intermediate its ends, means connected therewith for changingthe length of stroke of that end of the walking-beam to which thedasherrod is attached, and a fly-brush comprising a supporting-frameconstructed of Wire and my own I havehereto afllxed my signature infashioned in such manner as to partially emthe presence of twoWitnesses.

brace and engage the dasl1er-r0d, whereby the said brush and its frameare capable of \VILLIAM (JARLER LURGE' 5 being adjusted longitudinallyof such rod, Vitnesses:

substantially as and for the purpose described. RICHARD TOMAS \VALIIJER,

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as ROBERT EDGAR TURNER.

